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[焦点话题] 【红色记忆】中国共产党北海市地方组织的建立与初期革命活动

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楼主
发表于 2016-7-1 18:11:08 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
【红色记忆】中国共产党北海市地方组织的建立与初期革命活动
Red Memories: The Establishment of Beihai Local Organizations of The Communist Party of China (CPC) and Early Revolutionary Movements (Part II)


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1927年“四一二”反革命政变后,北海的党组织受到重创。但面对敌寇日益嚣张的气焰,革命之火不可能就此熄灭。
After the event of counter revolutionary coup of the Shanghai massacre on 12 April, 1927, Beihai CPC Organization was damaged severely. However, facing the increasingly aggressive military invasions, the spark of revolution will not just die out.


思想觉醒—北海党组织重建的坚实基础
The Awakening of Ideology: Lay a Solid Foundation for the Reconstruction of Behai CPC Organizations

1931年,“九一八”事变爆发后,抗日图存在全国日趋形成燎原之势。1932年11月至1937年7月间,在中国共产党领导的左翼文化运动的影响下,北海市进步青年学生先后建立“绿波书社”、“未名社”、“静励斋”等进步组织,逐步形成一个以学习革命理论、宣传马克思主义、宣传抗日反蒋为主要内容的文化运动。1936年,北海爱国军民刺杀日本间谍中野顺三(即北海“九三事件”)。这些抗日救亡运动都极大的促进了北海人民的觉醒,为北海党组织的重建奠定了思想基础和干部基础。
In 1931, after the September 18th Incident, an anti-Japanese and national salvation movement took place in many cities and towns nationwide. During November 1932 to July 1937, some advanced youths and students of Beihai who were impacted by the left-wing cultural movements led by the leaders of the CPC had established several organizations such as Lvbo Publishing House, Weiming Publishing House, and Jing Lizhai Book Club successively, gradually leading to a cultural movement mainly intended for studying revolutionary theory, advocating Marxism, propagating anti-Japanese and counter-Chiang Kai-shek campaign. In 1936, the patriotic soldiers and civilians killed the Japanese spy Nakano Junzo, namely the Beihai September 3rd Incident. Such anti-Japanese national salvation movements greatly promoted the awakening of Beihai people, and these local people further became the foundation of the reconstruction of Beihai CPC Organization, helping the spread of communist and socialist ideologies and serving as important cadres in the organization.
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北海“九三事件”事发地——“丸一药房”  摘自《北海图录》
Maruichi Drugstore, the site of Beihai September 3rd Incident    (Source: Behai Catalog)

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楼主
 楼主| 发表于 2016-7-1 21:58:03 | 显示全部楼层
薪火重燃—北海党组织的重建
Relighting the Fire: Reconstruction of Beihai CPC Organization

1937年2月,中共广州临时市委外县工作委员会,派北海籍党员赵世尧回北海开展党的工作,并在抗日积极分子、合浦一中师生、社会仁人志士中积极发展党员,组成北海党小组、一中党小组。1939年2月,中共合浦中心县委组成,北海为特别支部,领导一中党小组、青年抗敌同志会党小组、妇女抗敌同志会党小组、社会党小组,共有22名党员。特支机关驻地在合浦一中图书馆(今北海一中解放路校区内)。1939年6月,因合浦儒家巷事件,中共合浦中心县委机关被破坏,至8月建立中共合浦县工委,继续领导抗日救亡运动。
In February 1937, Guangzhou Temporary Municipal County Working Committee of the CPC decided that Zhao Shiyao, a party member who was born in Beihai, went back to Behai to support the work of local CPC organizations, and established Beihai CPC Organization and Yizhong CPC Organization by taking the initiative to develop new party members from anti-Japanese activists, the teachers and students of Hepu No.1 Middle School and the social people with lofty ideas. Later in February 1939, the Hepu County Central Committee of the CPC was established with Beihai CPC Organization as its special branch to lead grassroot CPC organizations of Hepu No.1 Middle School, the Youth and Women Anti-enemy Comrades’ Associations and the Chinese socialist party, totaling 22 party members. The special branch of the party was located in the library of Hepu No.1 Middle School, which now is in the campus of Beihai No.1 Middle School on Jiefang road. In June 1939, Hepu County Central Committee of the CPC was destroyed because of the event of Hepu Rujia Alley Incident and the work got suspended until the Hepu Working Committee of CPC was established in August to continue with the anti-Japanese national salvation movements.

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合浦一中图书馆旧址  摘自《北海图录》
Former Site of Hepu No.1 Middle School Library  (Source: Behai Catalog)

救亡图存--北海党组织领导下的抗日救亡运动
Save the Nation from Subjugation: Anti-Japanese National Salvation Movements under the Leadership of Beihai CPC Organization

北海抗日救亡运动在北海地区党组织的统一组织和领导下逐步开展。北海民众抗敌后援会成立,管辖青年抗敌同志会、工人抗敌同志会、妇女抗敌同志会,同志会中的党小组和党员在工作中起骨干和带头作用。1939年至1940年,建立白石水、龙潭敌后抗日根据地,开展持久广泛的游击战争。
Beihai anti-Japanese national salvation movements were carried out step by step under the unified organization and leadership of Beihai CPC Organization. When the Support Group of Beihai People’s Anti-Enemy Association was founded, it took control of the Youths, Workers and Women Anti-enemy Comrades’ Association, in which the party group and party members played an important and leading role in the party work. From 1939 to 1940, Baishishui and Longtan Anti-Japanese Bases Behind the Enemy’s Line were established to declare a much longer and broader guerrilla warfare on enemies.


楼主
 楼主| 发表于 2016-7-1 21:58:33 | 显示全部楼层

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白石水柑子根党支部旧址  摘自《夜幕下的博弈》
Former site of Ganzigen, Baishishui Party Branch   (Source: The Game In Night)

在抗日战争的严峻形势下,国民党顽固派掀起反共逆流。1943年3月,中共合浦中心县委撤销,北海党组织执行党中央“分散坚持,隐蔽待机”的指示,将已暴露的党员转移到农村。同时实行特派员制,改为单线联系,以隐蔽的方式开展工作。1943年至1944年9月,北海的党员大部分参加党领导的人民武装队伍,在钦廉四属偏僻地区开辟革命根据地,组织地方人民武装,开展游击斗争,反对和捣毁地方封建恶霸的反革命势力,抗击国民党军队的“围剿”和日本侵略军。留在城市的少数党员则收集敌伪军事情报。
During the war of resistance against Japanese aggression, the diehards of Kuomintang started to strike the Communist Party of China and against the will of Chinese people under the severe situations. In March 1943, with the revocation of Hepu County Central Committee of the CPC, Beihai CPC Organization transferred the communists whose identities were disclosed to the villages so that they can “disperse and hide, insist on doing their job and await for the right opportunity” as instructed by the Central Committee of the CPC. They carried out the work in a secret way, set up a special commissioner system and changed to one-to-one contact. From 1943 to September 1944, most of the party members in Beihai participated in people’s armed forces led by the Party. They set up a revolutionary base in remote area of Hepu County, Qin County, Lingshan County and Fangcheng County, organized the local people’s armed forces, developed guerrilla warfare, took action to oppose and destroy the local counter revolutionary forces of feudal bullies and fought against the besiegement of the Kuomintang army and Japanese aggressors. The few party members who stayed in the city collected the military intelligence of the enemy and the puppet regime for them.

楼主
 楼主| 发表于 2016-7-1 22:03:39 | 显示全部楼层
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北海抗日战争胜利纪念亭  摘自《北海图录》
The memorial pavilion of Beihai victory in the war of resistance against Japanese aggression   (Source: Behai Catalog)


解放北海--北海党组织的革命斗争取得胜利
Liberation of Beihai: The Victory Attained by Beihai CPC Organization in Revolutionary Struggle

1945年9月,抗日战争胜利后,钦廉四属党组织进一步加强人民武装建设,继续坚持游击战争,巩固粤桂边山区革命根据地。城市党组织和党员仍坚持隐蔽活动和单线联系制度。1947年6月,廉北区党组织联络专员廖铎被捕后自首叛变,出卖组织,有10名党员和3位进步商人被捕,使北海党组织受到严重破坏。与此同时国民党当局在城市搞起“戡乱建国”和集结武装军队,党的组织活动受到阻滞。但是,在北海边缘的福成、南康、营盘等地的党组织,在中共合东南工委的领导下仍在活动。1949年12月4日,地下党组织接应中国人民解放军解放北海。
After the victory in the war of resistance against Japanese aggression in September 1954, the grassroot CPC organizations in Hepu County, Qin County, Lingshan County and Fangcheng County enhanced the construction of people’s armed forces by means of continually insisting on guerrilla warfare and consolidated the revolutionary base areas in remote mountainous regions of Guangdong and Guangxi. Beihai CPC Organization and its members still carried out the activities secretly and maintained the one-to-one contact system. In June 1947, Liao Duo, who acted as the liaison in party organization of Lianbei District was arrested. He then voluntarily surrendered himself and betrayed the party, which caused 10 communists and 3 advanced businessmen to be arrested and Beihai CPC Organization suffered severe damage. In the meanwhile, the authorities of Kuomintang launched a campaign to suppress the so-called rebellion of the CPC to achieve unification and assembled armed forces in cities, greatly impeding the work of the CPC. However, some party organizations in Fucheng, Nankang, Yingpan, and other places around Beihai, were still active under the leadership of the Hepu and Southeast Working Committee of the CPC. On December 4, 1949, the underground party organization coordinated with the Chinese People’s Liberation Army to liberate Beihai.

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粤桂边游击队配合解放军解放北海  摘自《夜幕下的博弈》
The Guangdong and Guangxi Guerrilla Forces Coordinated with the Chinese People’s Liberation Army to Liberate Beihai   (Source: The Game In Night)


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